Thursday, 1 January 1959:
Quoted from the source:
At 2 am, on 1 January 1959, Batista with US$40 million in stolen govt funds, fled Cuba for the Dominican Republic, then to Spain. Amid great jubilation, and surpised that Batista had gone so quick, Castro's column enter Santiago de Cuba that night, Guevara and Cienfuegos arrived in Havana on 2 January.
SOURCE: Article, "Cuban Revolution, 1953-59" at unimaps.com
Monday, 5 January 1959:
Quoted from the source:
On the 5th of January, Manuel Urrutia is named Cuban president [of Cuba].
SOURCE: Article, "Cuban Revolution, 1953-59" at unimaps.com
Friday, 16 January 1959:
Quoted from the source:
[O]n the 16th, Castro becomes prime minister [of Cuba].
SOURCE: Article, "Cuban Revolution, 1953-59" at unimaps.com
Sunday, 1 c. February 1959:
"[F]rom June 1957 through February 1959, plaintiff [FCDC] issued weekly checks to Kay Hubbard, the daughter of L. Ron Hubbard." [NOTE: Approximate date when payments end. Also, this is the only place known where Catherine is referred to as "Kay."]
SOURCE: The FOUNDING CHURCH OF SCIENTOLOGY v. The UNITED STATES, No. 226-61, United States Court of Claims, court ruling
Sunday, 1 c. February c. 1959:
[NOTE: To establish what Parrott was doing for CIA when meetings of the Special Group started being weekly]
THOMAS A. PARROTT: [I]n 1957 [I] was assigned as the so-called Board Assistant to Allen Dulles for the Operations Coordinating Board. Each of the principals of the OCB had an assistant. ...This other Special Group thing was not very active during the first year or two and it really didn't get into the kind of operation that has since become [sic] until 1959, the beginning of 1959 [see 1 c. February c. 1959], when President Eisenhower directed the group to meet at least once a week. Before that it had met quite sporadically. There had not been much form to the meetings.
MR. SCHWARZ: What function did you play in connection with the Special Group?
THOMAS A. PARROTT: I was the Secretary.
MR. SCHWARZ: And for what period of time did you have that?
THOMAS A. PARROTT: From '57 until October of '63. [NOTE: Parrott seems to be lying about when he terminated in this capacity. See Parrott written documents and dates.] But as I say between '57, the middle of '58 and the beginning of '59 there was very little activity.
SOURCE: Formerly Top Secret, now unclassified testimony of Thomas A. Parrott before the Church Committee, 10 July 1975
Sunday, 1 c. February c. 1959:
[NOTE: To establish what Parrott was doing for CIA when meetings of the Special Group started being weekly]
THOMAS A. PARROTT: [I]n 1957 [I] was assigned as the so-called Board Assistant to Allen Dulles for the Operations Coordinating Board. Each of the principals of the OCB had an assistant. ...This other Special Group thing was not very active during the first year or two and it really didn't get into the kind of operation that has since become [sic] until 1959, the beginning of 1959 [see 1 c. February c. 1959], when President Eisenhower directed the group to meet at least once a week. Before that it had met quite sporadically. There had not been much form to the meetings.
MR. SCHWARZ: What function did you play in connection with the Special Group?
THOMAS A. PARROTT: I was the Secretary.
MR. SCHWARZ: And for what period of time did you have that?
THOMAS A. PARROTT: From '57 until October of '63. [NOTE: Parrott seems to be lying about when he terminated in this capacity. See Parrott written documents and dates.] But as I say between '57, the middle of '58 and the beginning of '59 there was very little activity.
SOURCE: Formerly Top Secret, now unclassified testimony of Thomas A. Parrott before the Church Committee, 10 July 1975
Wednesday, 25 c. February 1959:
The Hubbards--Ron, Mary Sue, Diana, aged six, Quentin, five, Suzette, four and Arthur, eight months--arrive in London, having decided to move there from Washtington, D.C., and having agreed to rent the house of Pam and Ray Kemp in North London, on the Finchley Road in Golders Green.
SOURCE: Russell Miller, book: Bare Faced Messiah, Chapter 13
Sunday, 1 c. March 1959:
L. Ron Hubbard has moved the entire operation over to England's Saint Hill Manor in East Grinstead,
Sussex, right outside London.
SOURCE: Paulette Cooper, book: The Scandal of Scientology
Sunday, 1 c. March 1959:
A secret report is produced: Biderman, Albert D., A Study for Development of Improved Interrogation Techniques : Study SR 177-D (U), Secret, final report of Contract AS 18 (600) 1797, Bureau of Social Science Research Inc., Washington, D. C., March 1959.
The referenced source describes the report: "Although this book (207 pages of text) is principally concerned with lessons derived from the interrogation of American POW's by Communist services and with the problem of resisting interrogation, it also deals with the interrogation of resistant subjects. It has the added advantage of incorporating the findings and views of a number of scholars and specialists in subjects closely related to interrogation. As the frequency of citation indicates, this book was one of the most useful works consulted; few KUBARK [code name for CIA--Ed.] interrogators would fail to profit from reading it. It also contains a descriminating but undescribed bibliography of 343 items."
SOURCE: A CIA manual, declassified in 1996, and available on the Internet: "KUBARK [Codename for CIA] COUNTERINTELLIGENCE INTERROGATION--July 1963"--Bibliography.
Sunday, 1 March 1959:
Quoted from the source for structure of OSI WORLDWIDE locations as of this date:
OSI/AFOSI DISTRICT WORLDWIDE NUMBERING SYSTEM
Established March 1, 1959
Terminated September 30, 1992
Dist Location
1 Westover AFB, MA (Later Pease AFB, NH)
2 Mitchel AFB, NY (Later New York City and McGuire AFB, NJ)
3 Olmsted AFB, PA
4 Bolling AFB, DC (Later Suitland, MD and Andrews AFB, MD)
5 Wright Patterson AFB, OH
6 Robins AFB, GA
7 Patrick AFB, FL
8 Maxwell AFB, AL
9 Barksdale AFB, LA
10 Kelly AFB, TX
11 Tinker AFB, OK
12 Chanute AFB, IL
13 Offutt AFB, NE
14 Lowry AFB, CO
15 Great Falls AFB, MT
16 Hill AFB, UT
17 Kirtland AFB, NM
18 Cheli AFS, Maywood, CA
19 Fairfield-Suison AFB, CA (Travis AFB)
20 McChord AFB, WA
21 Langley AFB, VA
22 Griffiss AFB, NY
23 Carswell AFB, TX
24 Chicago, IL
25 Dearborn, MI
26 Hickam AFB, HI
27 Ramey AFB, PR
28 Goose AB, Labrador
29 Thule AB, Greenland
30 Howard AFB, PN
41 Anderson AFB, Guam
42 Clark AB, RP
43 Kadena AB, Okinawa
44 Hickam AFB, HI
45 Seoul, South Korea
46 Yokota AB, Japan
47 Itazuke AB, Japan
48 Misawa AB, Japan
49 Taipei AS, Taiwan
50 Tan Son Nhut AS, SVN
51 Bangkok, Thailand
61 Berlin, Germany
62 South Ruislip, England
63 Chateauroux, France (Later Paris, France)
64 Rabat, Morocco
65 Florence, Italy (Later Rome, Italy)
66 Wheelus AB, Libya
67 Dahran, Saudi Arabia
68 Madrid, Spain (Later Torrejon AB, SP)
69 Ankara AS, Turkey (aka: TUSLOG Det 26)
70 Rhein/Main AB, Germany (Later Wiesbaden, GE)
71 Athenai Airport, Greece
72 Riyahd, Saudi Arabia
80 Eileson AFB, Alaska
81 Elmendorf AFB, Alaska
SOURCE: Records maintained by the Associatioin of Former OSI Special Agents (AFOSISA) on the web at http://www.afosisa-ncc.org/osi_structure.html
Tuesday, 10 March 1959:
A lecture is delivered by Daniel Ellsberg at the Lowell Institute: "The Theory and Practice of Blackmail."
In an introduction to a July 1968 typed manuscript of the paper, Ellsberg says:
"In March, 1959, while a member of the Society of Fellows, Harvard, I delivered a series of public lectures in Boston, under the auspices of the lowell Institute; these lectures were subsequently broadcast over WGBH, an educational FM station. Overall subject of the series was, 'The Art of Coercion: A Study of Threats in Economic Conflict and War.' The following essay was the opening lecture. I have reprinted this lecture as it was delivered on March 10, 1959, almost ten years ago. It was before I cnme to RAND... ."
RAND's blurb on this paper says:
"A reprint of a lecture on the logic and rhetoric of threats and ultimatums -- the language of diplomacy -- delivered by the author on March 10, 1959. Whether it is called blackmail or deterrence, the art of influencing another's choice among alternatives by the use of threats is coercion. To provide a framework for representing and comparing alternatives, a game is developed, employing a payoff matrix, in which the victim has two choices, resist or comply, and the threatener has two, accept or punish. As a rule, a threat has a certain built-in implausibility, that of being costly -- or irrational -- to carry out. The threatener's problem is to make his threat sufficiently plausible to the victim. He may do so by means of four main techniques: (1) by binding himself irrevocably; (2) by putting up forfeits; (3) by making the victim unsure of what would be rational; and (4) by appearing to be irrational -- or, as with Hitler, by [being] irrational. In the last analysis, however, since the estimates of payoffs -- or risks -- are subjective variables, the answer to successful blackmail is not within the scope of logic: it is an art."
[NOTE: Although this is Ellsberg's work, a manuscript on the RAND web site is copyrighted by the RAND corporation, and bears a date of "July 1968." The current RAND web site says: "This product is part of the RAND paper series. The paper was a product of the RAND Corporation from 1948 to 2003 that captured speeches, memorials, and derivative research, usually prepared on authors' own time and meant to be the scholarly or scientific contribution of individual authors to their professional fields. Papers were less formal than reports and did not require rigorous peer review. Permission is given to duplicate this electronic document for personal use only, as long as it is unaltered and complete. Copies may not be duplicated for commercial purposes. Unauthorized posting of RAND PDFs to a non-RAND Web site is prohibited. RAND PDFs are protected under copyright law. For information on reprint and linking permissions, please visit the RAND Permissions page. The RAND Corporation is a nonprofit research organization providing objective analysis and effective solutions that address the challenges facing the public and private sectors around the world. RAND's publications do not necessarily reflect the opinions of its research clients and sponsors."]
SOURCE: A locked PDF copy of the July 1968 paper on the RAND Corporation web site; also, a different unlocked PDF copy of the same paper (missing the July 1968 date) available from Defense Technical Information Center at http://stinet.dtic.mil/oai/oai?verb=getRecord&metadataPrefix=html&identifier=AD0672250
Sunday, 15 c. March 1959:
Daniel Ellsberg gives some lectures under the auspices of the Lowell Institute at Boston Public Library: "The Art of Coercion: A Study of Threats in Economic Conflict and War." His opening lecture is "The Theory and Practice of Blackmail." His second lecture is on Hitler's use of blackmail, entitled "The Political Uses of Madness."
SOURCE: Book, "Wild Man; The Life and Times of Daniel Ellsberg," by Tom Wells
Monday, 16 March 1959:
SECRETARIAL TO THE EXECUTIVE DIRECTOR
H.A.S.I. LONDON
No. 152
March 16, 1959
H.G.C. Psychotic Applicants
The acceptance of psychotic persons for processing in the HGC is
forbidden by Board Minutes.
Psychosis is a loose term. Probably it has no real definition and
better meaning is needed here.
Therefore, we will define here persons we cannot accept for processing
and do forbid processing to them in the HGC.
1) Persons so anti-social in conduct as to constitute a serious menace
to persons and property.
2) Persons who are unable to physically care for themselves for mental
reasons and need escorts and nurses.
3) Persons requiring special housing and who are incompetent to move
about in the streets without the mental (not physical) guidance of an
escort.
4) Persons with long homosexual histories who cannot work.
5) Persons with communist or other criminal backgrounds.
I do not believe either "institutional histories" or electric shock
treatment backgrounds wholly qualify the term "psychosis", but these
should indicate some wariness.
The Hubbard Guidance Centre Division of the HASI may some day have
properly staffed and equipped hospitals. Until that day any attempt to
handle "psychotics" should be foresworn as these in a severe sense
need hospitalization.
L. RON HUBBARD
EXECUTIVE DIRECTOR
HASI LONDON
by [Signature]
LRH:NP
Dist. All staffed
Bul.Board.
SOURCE: Scanned document posted to alt.religion.scientology by Martin Ottman
Wednesday, 1 c. April 1959:
Lee Harvey Oswald is in El Toro, California, where he meets Kerry Thornley. They are acquaintances for "3 or 4 months."
SOURCE: House Select Committee on Assassinations; also, Lee Harvey Oswald Chronology by W. Tracy Parnell, on the web at http://mcadams.posc.mu.edu/parnell/chrono.ht
Friday, 1 c. May c. 1959:
LRH and family move into St. Hill Manor.
SOURCE: Russell Miller, book: Bare Faced Messiah, Chapter 14
Friday, 1 c. May c. 1959:
Daniel Ellsberg gives talks to Henry Kissinger's "seminar at Harvard." They are talks from Ellsberg's "Lowell Lecture" series, "The Art of Coercion." [NOTE: No date in 1959 is provided by Ellsberg, but it seems that it would have to have been between his "Lowell Lecutures" (see 15 c. March 1959), and his fellowship at Harvard ending (see 1 c. June 1959).]
SOURCE: Book, "Secrets," by Daniel Ellsberg
Friday, 15 c. May 1959:
"While in the church, DeWolf lived well, associating with such notables as Thomas Driberg, then head of the British Labor Party and later a Peer. Driberg, now deceased, has been identified by English journalist Chapman Pincher as a double agent for MI5 and the KGB. DeWolf said the KGB connection was true." [NOTE: Date is only guessed at very broadly, because the only clue in the UPI story this comes from is "While in the church." DeWolf, aka Nibs, aka L. Ron Hubbard Jr., was "in the church" from 1953 through 1959. This entry will be put in the vicinity of several dates when it can be confirmed, from other sources, that DeWolf was in England.]
SOURCE: UPI smear story on LRH, dated 29 May 1982, on file
Monday, 25 May 1959:
Quoted from the source concerning Admiral Harry Felt (who by this time may already have Daniel Ellsberg as a consultant):
Commander in Chief, Pacific (CINCPAC) [Admiral Harry Felt] extends the advisory and training operation in Vietnam as follows:
* Provide MAAG [Military Assistance Advisory Group] advisors down to and including Infantry Regimental level and Artillery, Armored and separate Marine Battalion level.
* Place the advisors in the field with the HQ of the units being advised in order to furnish advice on the preparation of daily plans, monitor the day-to-day conduct of operations and render on the spot advice based on the situation as it exists at the time. This will include tactical advice as well as that provided on logistical matters, including medical support problems, the evacuation of the wounded, transportation problems, road and rail construction, bridging supply procedures, maintenance of equipment etc.
* Evaluate Vietnamese requests for additional equipment, road building materials, heavy engineering equipment etc. in the light of the direct observations of the on-the-spot advisors as well as upon other information available.
* Evaluate the level of cooperation and coordination among Vietnamese Army, Navy and Air Force elements and take necessary corrective action with Vietnamese officials in those instances where deficiencies are reported by on-the-spot advisors.
* The activities of MAAG Advisors must be limited to advisory functions and under no circumstances shall they participate directly in combat operations nor will they accompany units on anti-guerrilla operations in areas immediately adjacent to national boundaries.
SOURCE: Vietnam War Timeline on the web at http://www.vietnamgear.com/war1959.aspx
Friday, 29 May 1959:
The East Grinstead Courier reports: "An American and his delightful family find a haven at Saint Hill." It goes on to say, "The production of plant mutations is one of his most important projects at the moment. By battering seeds with X-rays, Dr Hubbard can either reduce a plant through its stages of evolution or advance it."
SOURCE: Russell Miller, book: Bare Faced Messiah, Chapter 14
Monday, 1 c. June 1959:
Daniel Ellsberg starts in a full-time position at the RAND corporation when his fellowship at Harvard ends. [NOTE: Only the year is known.]
SOURCE: Book, "Wild Man; The Life and Times of Daniel Ellsberg," by Tom Wells